L. Poggemann, B. King, J. Meyer, A. Dittler

Separations, 2023, 10, 462, https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10090462 (open access)

Fundamental microscopic investigations are based on the interaction between filter fiber and particles. The fibrous filter theory is based on a single fiber of a fiber array, and experiments focus either on a single fiber or a fiber array. This study investigates the particle loading process of a fiber array and focuses on the microscopic development of particle structures on the fiber array. Gravimetric measurements and image analysis of the array were used to study the development of the particle structure and morphology. Microscopic analysis of the video data focused on the evolution of particle accumulation within the fiber spacing, the development of boundary lines of the particle structure, and the number/size of bridges and pores within the particle structure. For the tested flow velocities, an increase in mass was observed to increase the duration of the filtration process. An extreme increase in deposited mass was observed at the moment of complete blocking (clogging) of the fiber spacing at flow velocities of 0.65 m/s. The size of pores (hydraulic diameter) increased with the flow velocity during the loading procedure. However, the total number of pores was higher in tests with lower Stokes numbers due to the dendritic and more porous structure. This work provides insights into the growth kinetics and structural setup of the particle structure (on a microscopic level). This will improve the understanding of the change of the filtration process from the transition phase to the clogging phase in fibrous filters.